The Uefa secretary general polled 115 votes in round two, 27 more than closest rival Sheikh Salman bin Ebrahim al-Khalifa.
Prince Ali bin al-Hussein was third with four, while Jerome Champagne failed to get any. Tokyo Sexwale withdrew before voting began in Zurich.
The first round of voting had failed to determine an outright winner.
A simple majority of more than 50 per cent - 104 votes - was sufficient for victory in the second round.
Infantino is a 45-year-old lawyer from Brig in the Valais region of Switzerland, less than six miles from Blatter's hometown of Visp.
Blatter, who led world football's governing body since 1998, stood down last year and was later banned from football for six years.